The geochemistry of the rocks in the area is dominated by subalkaline basaltic andesite and dacite, with minor amounts of tuff, andesitic breccia, andesitic lapilli tuff, and minor amounts of rhyolite. The rocks are generally medium- to fine-grained, porphyritic with phenocrysts of plagioclase, clinopyroxene, olivine, and magnetite.
Stratigraphy
The stratigraphy of the area includes a sequence of volcanic rocks from the Late Cretaceous to the Quaternary. The oldest rocks are basaltic andesites from the Late Cretaceous age (about 80 million years ago). These are overlain by dacites from the Eocene age (about 40 million years ago). These are overlain by rhyolites from the Oligocene age (about 30 million years ago). Finally, there are tuffs from the Quaternary age (less than 2 million years old).
Structure
The structure of the area is dominated by northwest-trending faults that have been active since at least the Late Cretaceous. These faults have been reactivated several times in later periods. There are also several north-south trending faults that have been active since at least the Eocene. There is evidence for folding in some areas as well.
Petrology
The petrology of this region is dominated by basaltic andesites and dacites. The basaltic andesites contain plagioclase phenocrysts up to 5mm in size along with clinopyroxene phenocrysts up to 2mm in size. The dacites contain plagioclase phenocrysts up to 10mm in size along with clinopyroxene phenocrysts up to 3mm in size. Both rock types contain minor amounts of olivine phenocrysts up to 1mm in size as well as magnetite crystals up to 0.5mm in size.
Geologic History
The geologic history of this region began during the Late Cretaceous period when a series of northwest-trending faults formed due to extension related to plate tectonic processes. This extension caused magma to rise through these faults which eventually cooled and solidified into basaltic andesite lavas which now form part of this region’s bedrock geology today. During the Eocene period, additional north-south trending faults formed due to compression related to plate tectonic processes which caused magma to rise through these faults which eventually cooled and solidified into dacitic lavas which now form part of this region’s bedrock geology today. During both periods there was also evidence for folding due to compression related plate tectonic processes as well as erosion caused by wind and water over time which has shaped much of this region’s topography today. In addition, during both periods there were also explosive eruptions which created pyroclastic deposits such as tuffs which now form part of this region’s bedrock geology today as well
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