The Treaty of Ancón was a peace treaty signed by Chile and Peru on 20 October 1883, in Ancón, near Lima. It was intended to settle the two nations' remaining territorial differences at the conclusion of their involvement in the War of the Pacific and to stabilise post-bellum relations between them. Under the treaty's terms, Chile gained control over Tarapacá. Chile was also to retain the conquered provinces of Tacna and Arica for ten years, after which their fate was to be decided by a plebiscite, which was never held. The Tacna–Arica question would only be settled in 1929, through the mediation of the United States under President Herbert Hoover. This treaty, known as the Treaty of Lima, ceded Arica to Chile, while Peru regained Tacna and received USD $6 million indemnity and other concessions. Background During the War of the Pacific and the subsequent Chilean occupation of Peru, a series of parallel governments were established. The Chilean occupying administration established a collaborationist government in La Magdalena headed by Francisco García Calderón in order to be able to represent...

Bem cavalgar, fully Livro da ensinança de bem cavalgar toda sela ("Book on the instruction of riding well on every saddle"), is a book written by Edward of Portugal, left incomplete as Edward died of a plague in 1438. It is one of the oldest remaining manuals of medieval horsemanship and jousting. Together with Leal Conselheiro, the other book written by King Edward, the manuscript is kept at the French National Library, Paris. It is the basis of the curriculum at the Portuguese School of Equestrian Art, one of the Big Four riding academies. The book consists of three parts: "on will" (4 chapters), "on force" (2 chapters) and "fourteen recommendations for expert riders", breaking off in the seventh section. Literature The Book of Horsemanship by Duarte I of Portugal. Transl. Jeffrey L. Forgeng. Woodbridge: Boydell and Brewer, 2016. ISBN 978-1-78327-103-0 The Royal Book of Jousting, Horsemanship and Knightly Combat. Highland Village, TX: The Chivalry Bookshelf, 2005, ISBN 1-891448-34...

Master and Commander is a 1969 nautical historical novel by the English author Patrick O'Brian, first published in 1969 in the US and 1970 in the UK. The book proved to be the start of the 20-novel Aubrey–Maturin series, set largely in the era of the Napoleonic Wars, on which O'Brian continued working until his death in 2000. The novel is set at the turn of the 19th century. It follows the young Jack Aubrey, a Royal Navy lieutenant who has just been promoted to the rank of Master and Commander, effectively a captain and Stephen Maturin, a destitute physician and naturalist whom Aubrey appoints as his naval surgeon. They sail in HM sloop-of-war Sophie with first lieutenant James Dillon, a wealthy and aristocratic Irishman. The naval action in the Mediterranean is closely based on the real-life exploits of Lord Cochrane, including a battle modelled after Cochrane's spectacular victory in the brig HMS Speedy over the vastly superior Spanish frigate El Gamo. Master and Commander met with mixed reviews on its first publication. Although UK sales were respectable enough for O'Brian to continue with...